Is the ADS-B Out mandate enforceable?

[NoHeat]

In another thread, amekler reported installing ADS-B Out, and afterwards being unsure if it was functioning. He asked ATC if they could see it, but ATC replied that they can only determine whether a transponder is received.
See posts 35-40 here:
http://www.pilotsofamerica.com/forum/showthread.php?t=59070&page=2

It turned out that the installation was not functioning, and the poster could only determine this by using a handheld ADS-B In receiver, and doing this test himself. The avionics shop apparently was, like ATC, unequipped to detect whether the installation worked.

This brings up some questions:

1. Will ATC be equipped in the future to be able to detect an "ADS-B-out airspace bust"? If so, which kinds of ATC?

2. Will there be any other way to routinely detect ADS-B scofflaws, or installations that are malfunctioning?

3. Will we see a future of tens of thousands of planes flying frequently in controlled airspace, without the required ADS-B out, and nothing to stop it?

4. Aside from losing its safety-enhancing value, is there any downside to simply ignoring the mandate?

 

[Jim Logajan]

I saw in another post that Foreflight is able to filter out your local aircraft. I've wondered about that...How does it know that your aircraft isn't another one right on top of you? Or...Is it possible that Foreflight doesn't include "blips" of aircraft that have zero airspeed. Again...don't know...

For aircraft with ADS-B OUT, the transmitter has to be configured so the unique 24 bit Mode S code assigned to the aircraft is included in the transmitted data block. The N number (or whatever country code is appropriate) also needs to be configured and included. So the local receiver should have the same number configured so the software knows which report is of itself and can be ignored.

For aircraft with only ADS-B IN, obviously some heuristics need to be used to determine which aircraft to ignore. Generally I would expect the software to at least have location information of the receiver/aircraft via GPS - otherwise I can't think of any way to determine which aircraft report belongs to "self".

One can find the Mode S assigned to any N-numbered aircraft via the FAA database:

http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/nnum_inquiry.aspx

Many web sites on the subject of ADS-B technicalities; one such:

http://www.radartutorial.eu/13.ssr/sr25.en.html